Prostatitis - inflammation of the prostate gland - can be manifested in acute and chronic form.
It is difficult to ignore acute inflammation: its signs are clearly expressed, which cannot be said about the chronic manifestation of the disease.heasymptomatic, but it does its job "perfectly", damages the tissues of the organ, reduces its functions.
About chronic prostatitis: types and characteristics
Inflammation of the prostate is considered chronic,If his symptoms persist for more than 3 months.
According to statistics, only 5% of cases are acute, the remaining 95% are chronic prostatitis.It affects men of reproductive age and even 18-20 year olds are susceptible to this disease.
There can be two reasons for the development of chronic prostatitis: infection and blood stagnation in the pelvis.
infectionGets into the prostate in several ways:
- with blood flow from infectious foci in the body - carious teeth, pneumonia, inflamed maxillary sinuses, pustular formations,
- with the flow of lymph from the surrounding organs, for example, from the intestines, with hemorrhoids, dysbacteriosis,
- sexually
- Descending or ascending from the infected urinary tract – bladder or urethra.
Inflammation of the prostate caused by sexually transmitted pathogens such as gonococcus, chlamydia, and pale treponema requires special attention.The symptoms of such prostatitis and genital infections are similar to each other and they can "hide" behind the signs of these diseases.This type of prostatitis is simple.
Decreased immunity and hormonal imbalanceIt especially stimulates the development and spread of infection.
Non-infectious or congestive prostatitisIt appears as a result of impaired blood and lymph flow from the pelvis, as well as stagnation of prostate juice in the ducts of the gland.
provoking similar phenomenaThe following factors:
- Violation of sexual life - prolonged abstinence, interrupted actions, unfulfilled desire,
- smoking - nicotine spasms blood vessels and prevents normal blood circulation;
- tempting lifestyle
- tight clothes
- Alcohol abuse.Alcoholic drinks irritate the walls of the ducts of the gland, causing their inflammation.
- Constipation
Congestive prostatitis occurs 8 times more often than infectious prostatitis and very rarely develops into a complication of acute prostatitis.
Bacterial prostatitis
This type of disease is also calledChronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS).The main symptom is pain in the pelvis, but the absence of pathogenic microorganisms in the microbiological examination of urine and prostate secretions.
Painful sensations acquire different severity and localization.They spread to the perineum or bladder, genitals.The process of ejaculation is also painful.There are also problems with urination and in the sexual area, but they are secondary.
A diagnosis is made if the pain lasts for 3 months or more.
There are 2 types of CPPS:
- Inflammatory CPPS- An increased number of leukocytes is seen in the urine and prostate secretion, which indicates inflammation.Microorganisms have not been identified.There are several reasons for the appearance of this type of inflammation.On the one hand, this is possible with the reflux (reflux) of pure urine from the urethra into the gland.This is facilitated by anatomical defects of the urinary bladder, prostate organ and perineum or muscle contraction disorders.Urine, or rather the urates contained in it, cause inflammation of the prostate.On the other hand, it is believed that the culprit of this process is still bacteria, which are not determined by the classical method.To identify them, it is necessary to use molecular diagnostics.The 3rd reason is autoimmune processes in the body.
- Non-inflammatory CPPS- Analyzes do not contain leukocytosis and microorganisms.Instrumental diagnostics are used to determine the diagnosis.This allows you to identify innervation problems or muscle changes in the prostate and other organs:
- Cervical part of the bladder - stenosis or proliferation,
- in the pelvic area - myalgia, muscle tension, disturbance of the passage of nerve impulses;
- Urethra - narrowing, increased pressure,
- Prostate - urine reflux, increased pressure.
oftenNervous disturbances are seen in patients with CPPS: anxiety, irritability, depressive tendency.
Bacterial prostatitis
Chronic inflammation of the prostate of bacterial etiologyIt begins to manifest with slight discomfort when urinating.These include minor pain, itching or burning, and decreased flow.The color of urine changes and it acquires an unpleasant smell.Unpleasant sensations can also bother you during bowel movements.Weak, dull pain appears in the perineum.
arisesProblems in sexual life.At the beginning of the disease, they are situational: weakening of erection or increased frequency of its occurrence at night, acceleration of ejaculation, violation of orgasmic sensations.
It is a characteristic symptom for this stage- appearance of discharge from the urethra during defecation.
Such sluggish symptoms can last for quite a long time.A man may not pay attention to them, attribute everything to other reasons.If there is no treatment, they progress and the chronic process is aggravated, the intensity of the sensations increases.
Urination becomes sharply painful, the desire to go to the toilet increases.At a certain point, these manifestations weaken due to the compensatory growth of the bladder muscles and then resume again with greater force.
The pain in the perineum also increases.It radiates to the lower back, pubis, leg, scrotum.The nature of the pain also changes: it becomes stronger and more intense and bothers at night.
Sexual dysfunction increases and becomes permanent.Ejaculation is accompanied by pain, erection and decreased libido.
Patients are also accompanied by increased sweating, including in the perineum.Body temperature is slightly elevated - 37-37.5°.
Against the background of sexual disorders in menMental disorders develop.They become irritable, nervous and may even become depressed.
Treatment of the disease at this stage reduces the intensity of symptoms and the exacerbation stage goes into remission.
Other types of chronic prostatitis
There is a conceptCalculous prostatitis.This disease is very rare and affects older men.It is characterized by the formation of prostatic fluid, inflammatory rash, and stones consisting of phosphates and calcium.
Signs of this type of disease are pain, which has a localization characteristic of prostatitis.They become stronger with movement, after intercourse.Blood appears in the ejaculate.There are other signs of inflammation of the gland.
Stones are the result of long-term prostatitis or adenoma.
Congestive prostatitisThere are bacterial and non-bacterial.Its feature is mild symptoms:
- low grade fever
- Unpleasant sensations in the groin area,
- urination problems
- irritability,
- sexual disorders.
There are suchTypes of chronic prostatitis:
- autoimmune- develops during immune diseases, for example, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus,
- Hormonal-dystrophic- appears due to hormonal imbalance, hormonal diseases (diabetes), as a result of physiological aging of the body;
- vegetovascular- occurs against the background of vegetative-vascular dystonia.causes blood circulation problems.
How the disease manifests itself: diagnosis
Chronic prostatitis is diagnosedSame methods as acute.
First of allThe doctor conducts an interview and examines the patient.The examination is carried out by digital rectal examination of the prostate.It can be enlarged, painful, asymmetric and hardened.In rare cases (non-inflammatory CPPS) it does not change.
The next doctorwill order tests.Laboratory methods include general analysis of blood and urine and analysis of prostate secretion.They show an increased number of white blood cells.Bacteriological examination of urine and prostate juice reveals the causative agent.Sometimes these indicators can be normal, but the process still exists.
To confirm the fact of the disease, a blood test is performed for PSA.Instrumental methods will also help: ultrasound, TRUS, uroflowmetry.
Very often it turns out that a man does not suspect that he has such a disease, ignoring the symptoms.It is discovered by chance during systematic examinations.Therefore, it is recommended not to break the system and not to ignore the scheduled inspection.
Pharmacological treatment
First of all, for the treatment of chronic prostatitisAntibiotics are prescribed.The course is long - 1-1.5 months.Before prescribing antibacterial agents, the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to drugs are determined.
necessaryUse immunocorrective agents, because reduced immunity is a frequent cause of inflammation.It is possible to help an immunologist.
Therapy of chronic inflammation of the prostateCan't do without anti-inflammatory drugs.At the beginning, non-steroidal drugs are prescribed.They are used in the form of tablets or injections.If they do not achieve the desired result, hormones are used.
alpha blockersIt will help relieve muscle tension from the bladder and perineum.They act symptomatically, reduce pain and improve urination.
If unbearable pain occurs,Painkillers are relevant.
It is worth mentioning separatelyAbout the use of dosage forms such as suppositories.They are excellent for the treatment of chronic prostatic processes.Most often, its symptoms are mild, and the mild action of suppositories is quite enough to relieve them.
They are injected into the rectum.Its proximity to the prostate gland allows you to achieve results quickly and efficiently.In addition, the harmful effects of tablets on the gastrointestinal tract and the difficulties associated with injections are eliminated.Suppositories have an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect on the body.
Physiotherapy and other methods
In addition to medications, other methods of chronic prostatitis treatment are used:
- Rectal prostate massage- is carried out through the rectum.The procedure eliminates stagnation of prostate juice and also enhances the effect of medications.Contraindicated in case of exacerbation of the disease and the presence of stones in the prostate.
- Physiotherapy improves blood circulation in the affected organ and improves its nutrition.Methods usedUHF, electrophoresis, darsonvalizationand others.They are indicated only in the stage of remission,
- Prostatitis affects not only the organs, but also the psyche of a man.He may need itHelp of a psychologist or psychotherapist,
- AcupunctureIt is a common method of treatment of chronic prostatitis.The procedure affects the body indirectly, through acupuncture points,
- exercisessuch as squatting, walking, jumping will increase blood circulation in the pelvis and eliminate swelling,
- actively usedBalneotherapy- Treatment with mineral waters.
Medicines are an integral part of chronic prostatitis treatment.But they can cause a number of complications.And since the treatment of this type of disease is long-term, people have found ways to partially replace such drugs.came to the rescueTraditional medicine.
Among the folk remedies for the treatment of prostatitis are leadersPumpkin seeds.They contain a lot of zinc, which is essential for men's health.The seeds can be eaten separately: 30 grams will fill the daily requirement of essential microelements.You can also grind it in a meat grinder and mix it with honey, make balls from the obtained mass.They should be stored in the refrigerator and consumed 1 piece before meals.
It is very useful to drink during prostate inflammationFreshly squeezed juices of beetroot, carrot, cucumber and lettuce.The volume per day should be at least 0.5 liters.
BlueberryIdeal for restoring the prostate gland.It contains a lot of useful substances, microelements and vitamins.
In rare cases, for the treatment of prostatitisYou should apply for surgery.Its indications are the lack of improvement from conservative treatment, as well as acute processes: abscess and other purulent inflammation of the prostate, acute urinary retention, proliferation of glandular tissue, as well as benign and malignant growths.
Surgical treatment is carried out using several methods: It can be partial resection of the organ, opening of ulcers, resection of the auricle or removal of the entire gland.
How to prevent the development of chronic prostatitis
Prevention of this diseaseCan be primary or secondary.
Primary preventionis the prevention of disease occurrence and includes the following measures:
- maintaining immunity
- regularity of sexual activity,
- Physical exercises and moderate loads.This is especially important for those who lead a sedentary lifestyle.
- prevent hypothermia,
- stopping infectious foci in the body,
- timely treatment of urogenital infections,
- Be sure to undergo routine medical examinations.
- Do not use alcohol or smoke.
secondary preventionIncludes measures to prevent recurrence of the disease.In the first year after prostatitis, a man needs to visit a urologist once in 3 months.Then - once in 6 months.If there is no exacerbation of the disease, the patient is removed from dispensary observation.
Excellent for prostatitis preventionSanatorium-resort treatment is suitable.Modern sanatoriums offer complexes of procedures from physiotherapy and balneotherapy and other natural resources.
importantAlso monitor your diet.Include more vegetables and fruits and different grains in the menu.You should also enrich your diet with fermented milk products.Eating seafood compensates for zinc deficiency.
Avoid salty, spicy and smoked foods and do not use too many spices.Legumes, fatty foods and flour products should be excluded.
Chronic prostatitis is a slow but long process.It is insidious with complications:
- Cystitis, pyelonephritis - urolithiasis,
- Vesiculitis - an inflammatory process in the seminal vesicles,
- Epididymo-orchitis is an inflammatory process of the testicle,
- hypotrophy of the gland,
- Infertility and impotence.
disease treatment -quite a long process.But it's worth going all the way to the end in order to stay healthy and maintain a chance of having healthy offspring.